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GRAMMAR – Either & Neither

GRAMMAR – Either & Neither Either refers to one of two things or people. Either is always used with a singular verb. Either … or is a correlative conjunction used to connect two things which are the same types, phrases, clauses or words.   Neither makes a negative statement about two things or people. Neither …

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Giving Advice: SHOULD, OUGHT TO, and HAD BETTER

When giving advice in English, we often use the modal verbs “should,” “ought to,” and “had better.” Each of these has its nuances and specific contexts where they are more appropriate. Let’s explore how to use them, their differences, and how they work in questions and negative sentences. Using SHOULD “Should” is the most common …

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GRAMMAR – Prepositions of Time

DURING, UNTIL, SINCE, and FOR Prepositions can sometimes be tricky to use correctly, especially when they refer to time. Let’s explore the nuances of DURING, UNTIL, FOR, and SINCE, along with deeper explanations and examples to make their usage clearer. DURING Definition: Refers to a specific period of time when something happens, or indicates that …

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Grammar Guide: Adding S to the Third Person Singular in Present Simple

In English, when using the present simple tense, verbs often change slightly in the third person singular (when the subject is he, she, or it). These changes depend on the spelling of the verb. Let’s break it down! 1. The Basic Rule: Add “S” For most verbs, simply add S to the base form: Verb …

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GRAMMAR – The Passive Voice

There are two voices in English (and most other languages), ACTIVE and PASSIVE. ACTIVE: Isabella ate the burrito.In this sentence, the subject, Isabella, performed the action, and the object, the burrito, suffered the action. To express something in the PASSIVE voice, the idea needs to have an OBJECT.Why? Because in the passive voice, the OBJECT …

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Conditionals – The THIRD Conditional

What is the third conditional? The Third Conditional is used to talk about hypothetical or unreal situations in the past and their imagined outcomes. It’s commonly used to express regrets, wishes, or events that didn’t happen. Examples: In each case, the situation is impossible to change because it’s already in the past. Forming the Third …

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Conditionals – The SECOND Conditional

What is the Second Conditional? The Second Conditional is a grammatical structure used to talk about hypothetical, imaginary, or extremely unlikely situations. It allows us to express dreams, wishes, and scenarios that are not based in reality. Structure The Second Conditional follows this structure: Examples: Compare First & Second Conditionals It’s important to distinguish between …

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Conditionals – The FIRST Conditional

What is the first conditional? The First Conditional is used to talk about situations that are likely or possible in the future. It describes a real, specific outcome that will happen if a condition is met. Example Sentences: This conditional structure helps us talk about things that are realistic or likely in the future as …

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Conditionals – The ZERO Conditional

What is the zero conditional? The Zero Conditional is used to talk about general truths, scientific facts, and situations that are always true when the condition is met. This conditional helps us discuss facts that remain the same, regardless of time. Example Sentences: The outcomes are universally true in these cases, making the Zero Conditional …

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Infinitives

Infinitives in English are the base form of a verb, often preceded by the word “to” (e.g., to eat, to run). They can serve several functions in a sentence: 1. As a Subject: 2. As a Direct Object: 3. As a Subject Complement: 4. As an Adjective: 5. As an Adverb: 6. As Part of …

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