Category: GRAMMAR

OTHER PREPOSITIONS

By is often used with forms of communication and transportation:by car, by plane, by phone, by express mail (‘Note: If the noun is plural or is preceded by a determiner, the preposition in or on must be used: in cars, on a boat, on tbe telepbone, in a taxi.) By is also used with gerunds …

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GRAMMAR – Comparing Things

To compare two things, we use what is called a COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVE to what is different between the two things. We do this by modifying the adjective of the characteristic that is different. Here are the rules for this:For adjectives of one syllable:You add ‘ER’Examples:smart – smartERyoung – youngERfast – fastER For adjectives of one …

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GRAMMAR – Pronouns (and adjectives)

In linguistics, a subject pronoun is a personal pronoun that is used as the subject of a verb. A possessive pronoun helps to show possession or ownership in a sentence.It refers back to a noun or noun phrase already used, replacing it to avoid repetition. An object pronoun is a type of personal pronoun that …

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Adjectives

Adjectives are words that describe the quality or state of being of nouns. Adjectives do not modify verbs, adverbs, or other adjectives. Usually, adjectives are easy to find because they come immediately before the nouns they modify. Adjectives can do more than just modify nouns. They can also act as a complement to linking verbs …

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GRAMMAR – IN – ON – AT

The prepositions IN, ON, and AT are also used in a number of set expressions:in a book/magazine newspaperin charge (of)in common (with)in danger (of)in detailin existencein the front/middle/backin generalin partin the past/futurein practicein a rowin stylein theoryon a bus/train/etc.on fireon the other handon purposeon radio/televisionon the wholeat best/worstat birth at deathat first/lastat least/mostat the momentat …

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What is a Phrasal Verb?

A phrasal verb is a verb that is made up of a main verb together with an adverb or a preposition, or both. Typically, their meaning is not obvious from the meanings of the individual words themselves.There are many phrasal verbs in English. Here are some examples: She has always LOOKED DOWN ON me.(She thought …

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CONFUSING WORDS – DO vs. DOES

The difference between DO and DOES is not difficult to understand.DO is a verb and DOES is the third person singular of that verb in the present tense. Every other person in the conjugation uses DO. When the subject is I, you, we, or they, we use DO. I do my homework every day.Do you …

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GRAMMAR – ABILITY using CAN, COULD, & WILL BE ABLE TO

We use CAN to show that someone has the ability to do something now.I can play the piano.Can you speak English?They can’t play football very well. We use COULD to show that someone had the ability to do something in the past.I could play the piano when I was a child.Could you speak English when …

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Simple Past and Present Perfect

What’s the difference between these two sentences:1. I lived in Ireland for 20 years.2. I have lived in Brazil for 17 years. ANSWER:1. This statement is in the simple past which implies that the action is finished,so…I don’t live in Ireland now. 2. This statement is in the present perfect which implies that the action …

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GRAMMAR – More Confusing Words

EARLIEST vs. SOONESTearliestUsed as a superlative adjective to mean “most distant in time.”These are the earliest examples of the artist’s works.soonestUsed as a superlative adverb to mean “most promptly.”(not commonly used) PERCENT vs. PERCENTAGEpercentUsed after a number.Fifty percent of the people voted for the initiative.percentageNot used after a number.The percentage of people who approve of …

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